OPTIM Investigator Team Work Products

Peer-Reviewed Publications:

1.     Gwynn ME, Poisson MO, Waller JL, Sikora Newsome A. Development and validation of a medication regimen complexity scoring tool for critically ill patients. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2019 May 17;76(Supplement_2):S34-S40. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxy054. PMID: 31067298.

2.     Sikora Newsome A, Anderson D, Gwynn ME, Waller JL. Characterization of changes in medication complexity using a modified scoring tool. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2019 Nov 13;76(Supplement_4):S92-S95. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxz213. PMID: 31586396.

3.     Sikora Newsome A, Smith SE, Olney WJ, Jones TW. Multicenter validation of a novel medication-regimen complexity scoring tool. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2020 Mar 5;77(6):474-478. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxz330. PMID: 34086844.

4.     Al-Mamun MA, Brothers T, Sikora Newsome A. Development of Machine Learning Models to Validate a Medication Regimen Complexity Scoring Tool for Critically Ill Patients. Ann Pharmacother. 2021 Apr;55(4):421-429. PMID: 32929977.

5.     Olney WJ, Chase AM, Hannah SA, Smith SE, Sikora Newsome A. Medication Regimen Complexity Score as an Indicator of Fluid Balance in Critically Ill Patients. J Pharm Pract. 2021 Mar 9;897190021999792. PMID: 33685269.

6.     Sikora Newsome A, Smith SE, Olney WJ, Jones TW, Forehand CC, Jun AH, Coppiano L. Medication regimen complexity is associated with pharmacist interventions and drug-drug interactions: A use of the novel MRC-ICU scoring tool. Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy. 2019 Jun 12; 3(1): 47-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1146.

7.     Sikora A, Ayyala D, Rech M, Blackwell B, Campbell J, Caylor M, Condeni M, Depriest A, Dzierba A, Flannery A, Hamilton L, Heavner M, Horng M, Lam J, Liang E, Montero J, Murphy D, Plewa-Rusiecki A, Sacco A, Sacha G, Shah P, Smith M, Smith Z, Radosevich J, Vilella A, The MRC-ICU Investigator Team. Impact of pharmacists to improve patient care in the critically ill: A large multicenter analysis using meaningful metrics with the MRC-ICU. Crit Care Med 2022 Jun 10. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005585. PMID: 35678204.

8.     Webb A, Rowe S, Sikora Newsome A. A descriptive report of the rapid implementation of automated MRC-ICU calculations in the EMR of an academic medical center. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2022 Feb 21;zxac059. DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxac059. PMID. 35187576.

9.     Smith SE, Shelley R, Sikora Newsome A. Medication regimen complexity vs. patient   acuity for predicting critical care pharmacist interventions. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2021   Dec 3;zxab460. DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab460. PMID: 34864850.

10.  Sikora A, Keats K, Murphy DJ, Devlin JW, Smith SE, Murray B, Buckley MS, Rowe S, Coppiano L, Kamaleswaran R. A Common Data Model for the standardization of intensive care unit (ICU) medication features in artificial intelligence (AI) applications. JAMIA Open. 2024 May 2;7(2):ooae033. doi: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooae033. eCollection 2024 Jul. PMID: 38699649

11.  Smith ZR, Palm NM, Smith SE, Dixit D, Keats K, Ciapala SR, Tran T, Sikora A, Heavner MS. Critical care pharmacist perspectives on optimal practice models and prioritization of professional activities: A cross-sectional survey. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2024 Jun 11:zxae151. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxae151. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38861312.

12.  Webb A, Carver B†, Rowe S, Sikora A. The Use of Electronic Health Record Embedded MRC-ICU as a Metric for Critical Care Pharmacist Workload. JAMIA Open. 2023 Dec 5;6(4):ooad101.  doi: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad101. eCollection 2023 Dec. PMID: 38058680.

13.  Rafiei A†, Rad MG†, Sikora A, Kamaleswaran R. Improving irregular temporal modeling by integrating synthetic data to the electronic medical record using conditional GANs: a case study of fluid overload prediction in the intensive care unit. Computers in Biology and Medicine. Accepted. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107749.

14.  Sikora A, Zhang T, Murphy DJ, Smith SE, Murray B, Kamaleswaran R, Chen X, Buckley MS, Rowe S, Devlin JW. Machine learning vs. traditional regression analysis for fluid overload prediction in the ICU. Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 10;13(1):19654. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46735-3. PMID: 37949982; PMCID: PMC10638304.

15.  Chase A†, Forehand CC, Keats K, Taylor A, Jones TW†, Sikora A. Evaluation of Critical Care Pharmacist Evening Services at an Academic Medical Center. Hospital Pharmacy. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1177/00185787231207996.

16.  Keats K, Sikora A, Heavner MS, Chen X, Smith SE. Optimizing Pharmacist Team-Integration for ICU Patient Management: Rationale, Study Design, and Methods for a Multicentered Exploration of Pharmacist-to-Patient Ratio. Crit Care Explor. 2023 Aug 25;5(9):e0956. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000956. PMID: 37644971; PMCID: PMC10461940.

17.  Sikora A, Devlin JW, Yu M†, Zhang T†, Chen X, Smith SE, Murray B, Buckley MS, Rowe S, Murphy DJ. Evaluation of medication regimen complexity as a predictor for mortality. Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 4;13(1):10784. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37908-1. PMID: 37402869; PMCID: PMC10319715.

18.  Sikora A, Rafiei A†, Rad MG†, Keats K, Smith SE, Devlin JW, Murphy DJ, Murray B, Kamaleswaran R; MRC-ICU Investigator Team. Pharmacophenotype identification of intensive care unit medications using unsupervised cluster analysis of the ICURx common data model. Crit Care. 2023 May 2;27(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s13054-023-04437-2. PMID: 37131200; PMCID: PMC10155304.

Critical Care Pharmacy Practice Peer-Reviewed Publications:

1.     Sikora A, Martin G. Critical care pharmacists: improving care by increasing access to medication expertise. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2022. [Accepted]

2.     Newsome SA, Smith SE, Jones TW, Taylor A, Van Berkel MA, Rabinovich M. A survey of critical care pharmacists to patient ratios and practice characteristics in intensive care units. 23 Jul 2019: 3(1): 68-74. https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1163.

3.     Smith SE, Slaughter AA, Butler SA, Buckley MS, MacLaren R, Sikora Newsome A. Examination of critical care pharmacist work activities and burnout. 5 Feb 2021: 4(5): 554.

4.     Sikora Newsome A, Murray B, Smith SE, Brothers T, Al-Mamun MA, Chase AM, Rowe S, Buckley MS, Murphy D, Devlin JW. Optimization of critical care pharmacy clinical services: A gap analysis approach. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2021 Jun 1;zxab237. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab237.Online ahead of print. PMID: 34061960.

5.     Murray B, Buckley MS, Sikora Newsome A. Action Plan for Successful Implementation of Optimal ICU Pharmacist Activities: Next Steps for the Critical Care Pharmacist Position Paper. Crit Care Med. 2021 Feb 1;49(2):e199-e200. PMID: 33438981.

6.     Jones TW, Sikora Newsome A, Smith SE, Forehand CC. Interprofessional Shared Decision-Making: Who Is at the Table? Crit Care Med. 2020 Feb;48(2):e158-e159. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004029. PMID: 31939822.

7.     Sikora A, Jones TW, Smith SE. Pharmacists Are Associated With Reduced Mortality in Critically Ill Patients: Now What? Crit Care Med. 2019 Dec;47(12):e1036-e1037. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003934. PMID: 31738261.

8.     Forehand CC, Fitton K, Keats K, Chase A, Smith SE, Sikora Newsome A. Productivity tracking: a survey of critical care pharmacist practices and satisfaction. Hospital Pharmacy. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/00185787211024209.

9.     Smith SE, Murray B, Sikora A. Authors’ reply. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2022 Mar 1;zxac067. DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxac067.   PMID: 35230386.

10.  Murray B, Sikora Newsome A. Avoiding cost avoidance. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2022 Jan   5;79(2):14-15. DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab364. PMID: 34487144.

Funded Grants: (total funding = $2,205,463)

1.     Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Machine learning validation of medication regimen complexity for critical care pharmacist resource prediction. PI: Andrea Sikora Newsome. Co-I: Ye Shen, Tianming Liu, Sheng Li, Susan Smith, David Murphy, Rishikan Kamaleswaran, Swaminathan Kandaswamy. R01HS029009. Duration: September 1 2022 – September 1 2027. $1,862,521.

2.     Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Machine learning validation of medication regimen complexity for critical care pharmacist resource prediction. PI: Andrea Sikora Newsome. Co-I: John Devlin, Susan Smith, David Murphy, Rishikan Kamaleswaran. 1R21HS028485. Duration: April 8 2022 – April 7 2024. $299,542.

3.     University of Georgia. 2022 Teaming for Interdisciplinary Research Pre-Seed Program. Ye Shen (PI). Collaborating Investigators: Andrea Sikora, Susan Smith, Tianming Liu, Sheng Li. $2,400.  Duration: January 2022 – December 2022.

4.     National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Program. Machine learning validation of medication regimen complexity for critical care pharmacist resource prediction. Andrea Sikora Newsome (PI). Duration: September 2021 – September 2023.

5.     ASHP Foundation Board of Directors “Optimizing Technology Innovation Grant.”
Machine learning validation of medication regimen complexity for critical care pharmacist resource prediction. Andrea Sikora Newsome (PI). Collaborating Investigators: Susan Smith,  John Devlin, David Murphy, Brian Murray, Sandra Rowe, Mitchell Buckley. $30,000. Duration: June 2021 – June 2022.  

6.     Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties. Impact of board certification on quality of care provided by evening critical care pharmacist services. Timothy Jones (PI). Collaborating Investigators: Christy Forehand, Kelli Keats, Chase A, Andrea Sikora. $5,000 Duration: September 2022 – September 2023.

7.     ASHP Foundation Optimizing Technology Solutions Innovation Grant. “ Optimizing Pharmacist Team-Integration for ICU patient Management (OPTIM) study.” PI: Mojdeh Heavner. Co-I: Andrea Sikora, Kelli Keats, Susan Smith, Greg Martin, Xianyen Chen, Maureen Seckel. Duration: June 2024 – June 2025: $29,999.

8.     Board of Pharmacy Specialties. Impact of critical care pharmacy board certification on quality of care and outcomes of critically ill patients: a planned analysis of the Optimizing Pharmacist-Team Integration for ICU patient Management (OPTIM) cohort. PI: Susan Smith. Co-I: Andrea Sikora, Kelli Keats, Mojdeh Heavner, Xianyan Chen. Duration: September 2024 – September 2025. $5,000,

9.     American College of Clinical Pharmacy Critical Care Practice & Research Network Multicenter Research Networking Grant.  Optimizing Pharmacist Team-Integration for ICU patient Management (OPTIM). PI: Andrea Sikora, Co-I: Kelli Keats, Susan Smith, Mojdeh Heavner. Duration: May 2023 – May 2024. $15,000.